Guest post by Katrina & Clayton
Asturian tree cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. acephala), sometimes known as simply tree cabbage, is a perennial brassica that thrives in cool, damp climates. Originating from northern Spain, it is particularly well suited to Scottish growing conditions, where mild Summers and relatively cool Winters allow it to remain productive for much of the year. Unlike annual cabbages, Asturian tree cabbage forms a woody stem over time and produces abundant leafy growth that can be harvested repeatedly. For gardeners seeking resilient, long term crops in food forests, raised beds or sheltered borders, this perennial cabbage is an excellent addition.
The primary edible part of Asturian tree cabbage is its large, tender leaves, which can be harvested throughout the growing season. Leaves have a mild, slightly sweet cabbage flavour and can be eaten raw when young or cooked in soups, stews and stir-fries. Regular harvesting ensures leaves remain tender.
Young shoots are particularly prized for their delicate texture and flavour. While flowering is less common in perennial varieties, any flower buds that form are also edible and can be prepared similarly to sprouting broccoli. Continuous picking promotes fresh growth and maintains plant vigour.
Growing Conditions and Soil For Tree Cabbage
Asturian tree cabbage grows best in full sun, although it will tolerate light partial shade, particularly in exposed Scottish gardens. A sunny position encourages compact growth and reduces the risk of fungal disease, which can occasionally occur in damp, stagnant conditions. In coastal or windy areas, shelter from strong prevailing winds helps prevent stem damage, as mature plants can become tall and top heavy.
Soil quality is key to maintaining vigorous leaf production. This perennial brassica prefers fertile, moisture retentive yet well drained soil rich in organic matter. Make sure to avoid waterlogged conditions, especially during Winter, as prolonged saturation can weaken roots. A soil pH between 6.5 and 7.5 supports optimal nutrient uptake and strong growth. We have ours growing at the top of the food forest, this is on a slope and mulched with leaves with added Caledonian Green Goodness.
Planting Times in Scotland
In Scotland, the best time to plant Asturian tree cabbage is in Spring (April to June) once the worst frosts have passed, or in early Autumn (September) to allow roots to establish before Winter. While mature plants tolerate frost well, young plants benefit from planting during milder conditions to reduce stress.
Asturian tree cabbage is usually propagated from cuttings rather than seed, as many perennial forms are sterile or do not grow true from seed. When planting rooted cuttings, space them approximately 60–90 cm apart to allow for mature growth and airflow. Water thoroughly after planting and apply a mulch to help retain soil moisture and suppress weeds.
Regular Harvesting of Tree Cabbage
Pruning is essential to maintain a manageable and productive plant. Regular harvesting of lower leaves encourages bushier growth and prevents the plant from becoming too tall and woody. Removing older leaves from the base also improves airflow and reduces the risk of pest problems.
If the main stem becomes overly tall, it can be cut back in spring to encourage side shoots and maintain a more compact form. Any damaged or frost burned foliage should be removed promptly. Over time, pruning helps extend the productive life of the plant and prevents it from becoming too tall and unstable.
Caring for Tree Cabbage
Asturian tree cabbage is relatively low maintenance once established, but consistent care ensures prolonged productivity. Regular watering during dry spells is important, especially in lighter soils. Mulching annually with compost or well rotted manure replenishes nutrients and improves soil structure.
Feeding in early Spring supports vigorous leaf production, we use liquid seaweed across all of our grounds. As a brassica, this plant can attract cabbage white butterflies and their caterpillars, so protective netting may be required during peak egg laying periods. Encouraging natural predators such as birds and beneficial insects can also help maintain balance in the garden ecosystem.
Companion Planting
Asturian tree cabbage integrates well into mixed beds and permaculture systems. It pairs effectively with onions, garlic, chives and aromatic herbs, which help deter pests. Planting alongside legumes such as peas and beans can improve soil nitrogen levels, benefiting leafy growth.
Best Practices for Growing Asturian Tree Cabbage in Scotland
Choose a sunny, sheltered position with fertile, well drained soil. Propagate through cuttings to maintain reliable plants and replace older specimens every few years. Harvest regularly to encourage bushy growth and prevent excessive height.
Protect young plants from strong winds and monitor for brassica pests during Summer months. Maintain soil fertility through annual compost applications and avoid waterlogging during Winter. Asturian tree cabbage can remain productive for several years.
Asturian tree cabbage is a hardy, long lived brassica perfectly suited to Scotland’s cool climate. Its perennial nature reduces the need for annual sowing, while its generous leaf production provides reliable harvests over extended seasons. For those seeking perennial vegetables that combine practicality with flavour, Asturian tree cabbage is an outstanding choice.
Katrina & Clayton
Katrina & Clayton live with their family in East Ayrshire in Scotland and share their daily life in the garden on instagram @buildingfoodforest_scotland. They practice permaculture principles, reducing & repurposing waste whenever they can. Katrina shows how home educating in nature has helped Clayton thrive.
Clayton Completed The Grow and Learn Course with the Royal Caledonian Horticultural Society in 2022. This year he will be completing Level 2 Nurture Course. Clayton is 16, Autistic, Non Verbal & has been Home Educated for the last 6yrs. Both Katrina and husband Peter have studied the Permaculture Design Course PDC and PDC Pro over the last 5yrs, developing their garden from grass to an ongoing food forest.
They have featured on BBC Beechgrove Gardens, Gardeners World Magazine and write for Scotland Grows Magazine. Katrina has a series of children’s story books out following the life of Clayton in the garden. Available at Amazon.
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